Oil burner



March 16 1926.

J. W. ANDERSON ET AL OIL BURNER Filed April '7, 1925 5 Sheets-Sheet 1March 16 1926.

' J.W. ANDERSON ET AL 0 IL BURNER Filed April 7, 1925 s Sheets-Sheet 2fiDna'a/v, alumni/minim.

March 16 1926.

J. 'w. ANDERSON ET AL 0.1L BURNER Filed April 7, 1925 5 Sheets-Sheet 3JNVENTDRE dnMsmu/mmfimv.

amh 16 1%26. LTZfigg J. W. ANDERSON ET AL 0 IL BURNER Filed April '7,1925 5 Sheets-Sheet 4 Marsh 35 1926. 577,093

. J. W. ANDERSON ET AL OIL BURNER Filed April 7. 925 5 Sheets-Sheet 5Patented Mar. 16, 1926.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

JAMES WILLIAM ANDERSON AND WILLIAM JOHN HEMPI-IILL, 10F OTTAWA, ONTARIO,

AND ROBERT RICHARDSON, OF SOUTH MARCH, ONTARIO, CANADA.

OIL BURNER.

AppQieation 'filed April 7, 1925. Serial No. 21,343.

To all whom, it may concern.

Be it known that we, JAMES WILLIAM ANDERSON and WILLIAM JOHN HEMPHILL,both subjects of the King of Great Britain, and residents of the city ofOttawa, in the Province of Ontario, Dominion of Canada, and ROBERTRICHARDSON, a subject of the King of Great Britain, and resident ofSouth March, in the Province of Ontario and Dominion of Canada,haveinvented certain new and useful Impro'vements in Oil Burners, of

which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to improvements in oil burners adapted to burncrude fuel oil and the objects of the invention are to provide a deviceof this character by which complete combustion is obtained and which canbe controlled by hand with full automatic cut-off.

A still further object is to provide a device of this character withsemi-automatic control and full automatic cut-off.

Yet another object is the provision of a device of this character ofefficient and du rable construction, automatically controlled to insureperfect safety in use and obviate all danger from explosion or fire andin which the several parts have been so developed and improved that themachine as a whole will more satisfactorily perform the functionsrequired of it.

With the foregoing and other objects in view, the invention consistsessentially in the novel construction and arrangement of parts asdescribed in thepresent specification and illustrated by theaccompanying drawings forming part of the same and" in which theessential features are the combination with air and oil feed means ofautomatic controls whereby, on the power being cut off the flow of oilis automatically cut off and whereby, the device cannot be restartedwithout being manually operated. 7

Referring now to the drawings, in which like characters of referenceindicate corresponding parts in each figure,

Figure 1 is'a side elevation of our improvedoil burner,

Figure 2 is a top lan view,

Figure 3 is atop p an of the fire pot partly in section.

Figure 4 is a section on line 44 of Figure 3,

Figure 5 is an enlarged elevation of the motor, fan,- pump and latchoperating means,

Figure 6 is a perspective view of the latch and bracket members inconnection with the switch and oil valve,

Figure 7 is a fragmentary section of the.

latch and bracket members,

Figure 8 is an elevation partly in section through the air and oilfeeding means,

Figure 9 is an end view of Figure 8,-

Figure 10 is a section through the oil control valve,

Figure 11 is a vertical sectionof the oil shut-off valve,

Figure 12 is a section on the line 12-12 of Figure 5, v

Figure 13 is an elevation of a gravity oil feed for oil burners.

Figure 14 is a section through the gravity feed float valve, and AFigure 15 is an elevation of a thermostatic control.

Referring now more particularly to the drawings, and dealing first withour invention adapted to non-gravity oil feed, A illustrates, in Figure1 in dotted lines, a furnace and B an oil tank. Within the furnace A onthe grate bars is arranged the fire pot 10, hereinaftermore fullydescribed, while outside and adjacent the furnace on a suitable stand 11is mounted a motor 12 rovided with a driving shaft 13 on"whic is mountedthe fan 14, communicating through an air supply conduit 15 with the firepot 1.0. For forced oil feed a rotary and centrifugal pump 16 isattached to an extension 16 of the motor-shaft 13 (see Figure 5).

As illustrated more particularly in Figure 1, fuel oil is delivered tothe pump 16 from the service tank B, through an oil line 17, and fromthe pump delivered, under pressure, through a by-path 19 to the oilconduit 19 communicating therewith, the sur-' plus fuel oil beingreturned to the service tank B through the return pipe 18 communicatingwith the by-path 19". In this manner a constant head or pressure of fueloil is maintained, the oil conduit 19 communi eating through \oil valve32 and oil and air regulating valve 21 with the mixing chamber 21 in theair conduit 15 and thence through the nozzle 22 to the burner 10, theair blast being supplied by the fan 14..

From the foregoing it will be seen that on the motor 12 being operated,the pump 16 and fan 14 are operated to supply oil and air respectivelyto the mixing chamher 21" and from thence to the nozzle 22 into the firepot 10.

Referring now to the means of supplying power to the motor and thecontrol of such power, as well as the supply of oil and air to theburner. the motor is controlled by means of a double pole electricswitch 23 mounted on an extended base plate or bracket 24 and adapted tobe connected to the source of power through a plug 25, the current beingconveyed from the switch, through a two-conductor flexible cable 26, tothe motor 12. For automatically retaining the switch in open position,the switch operating arm or plunger 27 is encased in asleeve 28 andprovided with a spiral spring 29 designed -to retain it in open positionwhile to close the switch a lever 30 is provided hingedly connected at31 to the bracket 24 and adapted, when swung downwardly, to contact withand move downwardly the spring held switch operating arm 27 closing thecircuit. Adjacent the switch 23 and also on the bracket 24 is mounted anoil control valve 32 in the oil conduit 19. This oil valve is normallyheld in closed position by means of a spiral spring 33 wound thereon andis adapted at its upper end to be en gaged by the lever arm 30,simultaneously with the switch arm 27, to be pressed downwardly intoopen position to permit the flow of oil therein. This lever arm isprovided with a handle 34 whereby, it ismanually operated and whencloseddown it simultaneously completes the circuit through the switchoperating arm 27 and opens the 011 valve 32 to permit the flow of oiltherethrough. To retain this lever arm in closed position, we provide apm 35 in a slot 36 in the end thereof designed to engage and dis engagewith a latch member 37 hingedly mounted at 38 on the bracket 24 (seeFlgures 6 and 7 It will thus be seen that with the lever arm in closedposition, as shown in Figure 5, the motor is running, operating the fanand pump through the shafts 13 and 13 to supply 011 and airto the,burner. Should, however, through unforeseen circumstances, the supply ofelectricity be cut oif a fly-ball governor 39, having a plunger 40adapted to be held in position by the centrifugal force of the governorduring the normal speed of the fan, is provided on the shaft 13. Thisplunger 40, in the event of the mo tor 12 stopping, is forced againstthe pivotally mounted latch 37 releasing it from engagement with the pin35, thus allowing the lever arm 30 to move upwardly releasing thepressure on the oil valve 32 and the switch operating arm 27 permittingthem to auto matically and simultaneously assume their normally closedand open positions respectively, immediately stopping the flow of oil tothe burner and breaking the electric circuit. To start the apparatusagain it is Assuming now that the lever arm has been operated and is inthe position shown in Figure 5, and that the motor is running and the.oil being delivered through the conduit 19 to the valve 21 and thenceto the mixing chamber 21 and that the air is passing through the conduit15 also into the mixing chamber 21, there to be mixed and passed onthrough the nozzle 22 into the fire pot 10, control of the oil supplysimultaneous with the control of the air supply is provided for andcomprises. as illustrated in Figures 1, 8 and 9, a valve 21 inserted inthe fuel oil feed pipe 19. This valve is connected to a lever arm 43which in turnis connected through a rdd 44 to an arm 45 connected at itsother end to the air control valve 46 in the air line 15 andcommunicating with the mixing chamber 21 through a passageway 46". Thenozzle 47 communicating with thr oil feed is preferably faced towardsthe discharge opening 48 of the mixing chamber communicating with theair line 15.

From the foregoing it will be seen that the rod, which is ada ted to betensioned by means of a turn-buc le 29, is designed on being operated tosimultaneously operate the oil line valve 21 and the air line valve 46.To enable this to be done conveniently from a distance we provide anoperating rod 50, pivotally connected at its lower end to the rod 44.The arm 45 is vertically retained in position by a coil spring 51connected thereto and to a plate 52 bolted at 53 on the outside of themixing chamber whereby, on the rod being pulled upwardly,'the rod 44will be moved to operate the arms 43 and 44 which, in turn, willsimultaneously move the valves 46 and 21. When the rod is drawn up tothe required position it can be locked there and when released willnormally assume the position as shown in Figure 8 and with it the valves46 and 21, through the influence ofthe coil spring 51.

From the foregoing it will be seen that on the rod 50, which may beextended to operate the valves from any convenient distance, being movedvertically, the rod 44 will be operated to cause, through the crank arms43 and 45, the regulating valve 21 and air sifiipply valve 46 to cut offor partially cut 0 as may be required, the supply of oil and air to themixing chamber and thence tothe burner. By this simple construction theflame in the fire pot can be regulated and controlled absolutely so thatthe heat given of! thereby is also regulated and controlledaccordingly.- Furthermore, by means of a thermostat or other suitablemeans, as illustrated in Figure 15, the valves 21 and 46 and theresulting supply of mixed oil and air to the burner can be automaticallycontrolled, the thermostat being connected in any well known manner tothe rod through a pivotally mounted and weighted rod 54, link connectedat one end through a link with a lever 56, the thermostat 57 beingarranged according to the temperature required to automatically operatethe rod 54 to operate the valve control rod 44.

From the mixing chamber 21 the mixture of air and oil enters, throughthe line 15 and nozzle thereon 22, the fire pot or burner 10 arranged inthe furnace A, preferably on the grate bars or the like. This fire pot,as illustrated more particularly in Figures 3 and 4, is formed on theopposite side-to that penetrated by the nozzle 22,- with a V-shapedbaffle or flame dividing plate 22. The air and oil mixture as it entersthrough the nozzle 22 first strikes the floor or base of the potthrouglythe downward bending of the nozzle causing atomization. Theflame is then thrown or directed to the back of the fire pot and theflame directed on the inside thereof, the flange 59, shown on the upperside of the fire pot, causing the flame to be deflected from the furnacedoor and directed towards the centre where final combustion takes place.i

, Special heat resisting substances may be used within the fire-pot toprolong its life and maintain efficient combustion.

In Figures 13 and 14 is illustrated means for supplying oil to theburner by gravity and in which 13 is the oil supply tank and 17 the oilsupply line communicating with a float chamber in which thereis acombined float and needle valve 61, the oil moving from the chamber 60through the conduit 17 to the oil supply conduit 19 and, as alreadydescribed, and thence to the burner via, the oil supply valves 32 and21, and mixing chamber 21.

As many changes could be made in the above construction and manyapparently widely different embodiments of our lnvention within thescope of the claims, constructed, without departing from the spirit andscope thereof, 1t is intended that all matter contained in theaccompanying specification and drawings shall be interpreted in anillustrative and not in a limiting sense.

What We claim asour invention is:

1. In an oil burner and in combination, a burner, a fan and an oilsupply tank, an air line connecting the fan with the burner, a mixingchamber in the air line. a fuel line connecting the fuel tank with themixing chamber, prime mover means for operating the fan to supply an airblast to the mixing chamber, valves operable from a distance, forregulating the supply of air and fuel to the mixing chambersimultaneously, a pump operable by the prime mover for delivering fuelunder pressure to the mixing chamber, a switch spring-held in openposition for controlling the operation of the prime mov er. a controlvalve in the fuel line springheld in closed position and a lever armadapted to simultaneously open said valve and close the prime movercircuit, means for, automatically engaging and retaining the lever armin an operative position and a governor auton'latically operable, on theprime mover stopping, to release said lever arm.

2. In an oil burner of the character described. means for automaticallycutting off the supply of oil on the power being cut off, comprising aspring actuated switch for the power supply. means and normally held inopen position, a spring actuated oil control valve adjacent said switchand normally held in closed position and manually operated means adaptedto contact with the operat ing arm of the switch and the oil valve tosin'uiltaneously close the circuit and open the oil valve and meanscarried by the manually operated means adapted to engage with anoperatively mounted latch to hold the former in position and means forautomatically releasing the latch on the power being cut off tosimultaneously close the oil control valve and open the circuit switchcomprising, in combination with a driving motor, a governor providedwith a plunger on the motor shaft and designed to be retained in drawnin position on the shaft being rotated and designed on the shaft beingstopped to automatically protrude to engage with and release said latch.

3. In an oil burner of the character described and in combination, aburner pot adapted to bevdetachably placed within a furnace or the like.an oil tank, a prime mover. a fan operable by the prime mover, a mixingchamber. an air line connecting the fan and the mixing chamber, an oilline connecting the mixingchamber with the oil a tank, a switch, springheld in open position, for controlling the power supply means for theprime mover, an oil control valve in the oil line adjacent said switchand spring held normally in closed position, a pivotallv mounted leverarm adapted to contact with the switch and the oil control'valve tosimultaneously close the switch and open-said valve, means for retainingthe lever arm in operative lowered position and means carried byitheprime mover driving shaft for automatically releasing the leverarm onthe shaft ceasing to rotate wher by, the oil control valve and saidswitch are automatically and simultaneously returned to normal, closedand opened position respectively, conduit means connecting the mixingchamber' with the' fir'e pot.

4. In an oil burner of the character described, a prime mover shaftconnected to a fan and a pump, an air line connected to the fan and anoil fuel line connected to normally held in closed position, a controlswitch for the prime mover normally held in open position, means forsimultaneously closing the switch and opening said control 5 valve andmeans for retaining the switch in closed position, a governor providedwith a plunger on the prime mover shaft whereby, on the latter beingrotated, the plunger assumes an inward position and whereby, on 10 theprime mover ceasing to operate, the

plunger automatically rotrudes to automatically engage with tie switchretaining means to release it and open the switch and,

at the same time, close the oil control valve.

In witness whereof we have hereunto set 15 our hands.

JAMES WILLIAM ANDERSON. IVILLIAM JOHN HEMPHILL. ROBERT RICHARDSON.

